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Know your limits: It helps to know how alcohol and drugs affect you so you can plan ahead of time how much you will drink. If you do drugs, plan what drugs you will do, how much and how often. Plan for sex: Even if you don’t think you will...

Safer Sex Your chances of getting an STI depend on the kind of sex you are having, whether or not you are using protection and how many other people in your group have the STI. STI testing In BC, rates of STI and HIV are high among men who...

People of all genders and sexual orientations practice fisting. Fisting is a slow, gentle process that needs plenty of lubrication, communication and trust. How does it work? Fisting works best when the receiver is already aroused. Warm-up...

You may be concerned about a sexual contact and your chances of passing on or getting an STI, or you may be anxious about having an STI and how that will affect your health, relationships or sex life.  You may worry about the stigma or...

The term BDSM stands for ‘bondage’, ‘discipline’, ‘domination,’ ‘submission,’ ‘sadism’ and ‘masochism’. It is a broad term that includes many ways for people to use dominance and submission, bondage, pain and other activities for erotic...

There are two types of herpes simplex virus: herpes simplex 1 (HSV-1) and herpes simplex 2 (HSV-2). HSV-1 is commonly found around the mouth and is often called "cold sores". It can be passed orally by kissing and it can be passed to the...

To find phone numbers and web addresses for emergency services in BC, please visit the Provincial Health Services Authority (PHSA) Emergency Numbers webpage. On the PHSA Emergency Numbers page, you will find information for: Ambulance,...

Practicing safer sex is a good way to lower your chances of getting a sexually transmitted infection (STI), or passing one on to a partner. This does not have to mean ‘no sex’ or ‘no fun sex’.  We recommend you find out what works best for...

Blacking out can happen when a person drinks too much alcohol, does certain drugs, or combines drugs and alcohol. In some situations, you may have voluntarily taken drugs or drank a lot and ended up hooking up with someone. In this case,...

Background According to the law in British Columbia, every person 19 years of age and older has the right to give or refuse consent to health care when it is being offered, provided they have the capacity to consent.**      In obtaining...

All individuals 19 years and older have the legal right to consent/refuse health care provided they have the capacity to do so. Nurses who deliver care to clients who misuse substances often find assessing capacity to consent challenging...

Background Numerous research studies have explored the association between risk behaviors and infection with an STI. From a clinician’s perspective, the decision to recommend testing to a patient for a particular STI is usually informed by...

Introduction n BC, at least 50,000 people are currently living with active hepatitis C (HCV) infection.[1,2] Left untreated, individuals with HCV have 5 times higher risk of dying from any cause and 20 times higher risk of dying from liver...

Background Hepatitis C (HCV) and HIV are global public health concerns. By the end of 2014 in Canada, an estimated 230,000–450,000 (0.66%–1.3%) individuals were infected with HCV and about 75,500 were living with HIV. Both HCV and HIV are...

Article Reviewed Gillison ML, Broutian T, Pickard RK, et al. Prevalence of oral HPV infection in the united states, 2009-2010. JAMA. 2012;307(7):693-703. Purpose of the study The goal of this study was to estimate the prevalence of...

No matter how genetically sound a seed may be, factors such as sunlight, soil quality and irrigation must act on it properly if it is to germinate and grow into a healthy adult plant. [1] Gabor Mate The ACE Study: background In the last...

Harm reduction aims to keep people safe and minimize death, disease, and injury from high-risk behaviour. The BC Harm Reduction Program provides supplies and resources to enhance knowledge, skills, and supports for individuals, families...

Articles reviewed N. Macdonald, A.K. Sullivan, P. French, J.A. White, G. Dean, A. Smith, A.J. Winter, S. Alexander, C. Ison and H. Ward. Risk factors for rectal lymphogranuloma venereum in gay men: results of a multicentre case-control...

Background The cure rate of Hepatitis C (HCV) treatment with newer direct-acting antiviral (DAA) agents is very high (>95%). These treatments are also well-tolerated, bringing significant optimism to expanding treatment options to...

Background Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HIV infection commonly co-occur because of shared transmission routes and risk behaviors. HIV infection among individuals living with HCV is a major predictor of morbidity and mortality. Risk factors...